%0 Journal Article %T In vivo evidence for the resistance of Theileria annulata to buparvaquone. %+ Laboratoire de Parasitologie %+ Private Veterinarians %+ Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et d'Ecologie parasitaire, Institut Pasteur de Tunis %A Mhadhbi, Moez %A Naouach, Abdelkarim %A Boumiza, Aïssa %A Chaabani, Mohamed Faouzi %A Benabderazzak, Souha %A Darghouth, Mohamed Aziz %Z This work is a part of the ‘Laboratoire de Recherche: Epidémiologie d’Infections Enzootiques des Herbivores en Tunisie’ funded by the Ministry of High Education Scientific Research and Technology (Tunisia), and the project ‘An integrated approach for the development of sustainable methods to control tropical theileriosis’ funded by the Wellcome Trust (grant reference: 075820/A/04). %< avec comité de lecture %@ 0304-4017 %J Veterinary Parasitology %I Elsevier %V 169 %N 3-4 %P 241-7 %8 2010-05-11 %D 2010 %R 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.013 %M 20185242 %K Cattle %K Tropical theileriosis %K Theileria annulata %K Buparvaquone %K Resistance %Z Life Sciences [q-bio] %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal HealthJournal articles %X The present study describes an outbreak of tropical theileriosis cases refractory to buparvaquone treatment, which occurred in a small-size dairy farm in Tunisia. Out of seven treated cows, four died in spite of repeated buparvaquone injections (2.5 and 5 mg kg(-1)) and the monitoring of the affected cows showed no improvement of the course of the disease with a consistent decrease in the haematocrit, the persistence of fever and an increased parasitaemia after treatment. Ticks were fed on a calf experimentally infected with one isolate established in culture from one of the cases and the resultant infected ticks ground up to generate a supernatant infected with the potentially resistant stock. This was used to experimentally infect three calves, and the clinical observations, post-buparvaquone treatment, showed an absence of the usual effect of buparvaquone treatment on the parasite Theileria annulata, such as the rapid decline of schizont index and parasitaemia and a rapid recovery from the disease. These results confirmed for the first time the occurrence of resistance to buparvaquone in the protozoan T. annulata. %G English %L pasteur-01375290 %U https://riip.hal.science/pasteur-01375290 %~ RIIP %~ RIIP_TUNIS