%0 Journal Article %T Assessment of poliovirus antibody seroprevalence in high risk areas for vaccine derived poliovirus transmission in Madagascar %+ Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM) %+ World Health Organisation (WHO) %+ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC) %A Razafindratsimandresy, Richter %A Mach, Ondrej %A Heraud, Jean-Michel %A Bernardson, Barivola %A Weldon, William, C %A Oberste, M. Steven %A Sutter, Roland, W %Z This work was supported by the World Health Organization. %< avec comité de lecture %@ 2405-8440 %J Heliyon %I Elsevier %V 4 %N 3 %P e00563 %8 2018-03 %D 2018 %R 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00563 %M 29560473 %K Immunology %K Infectious disease %K Public health %K Vaccines %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology %Z Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/VirologyJournal articles %X Background:Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV) outbreaks typically occur in areas of low poliovirus immunity. Madagascar successfully eradicated wild poliovirus in 1997; however, multiple VDPV outbreaks have occurred since then, and numerous vaccination campaigns have been carried out to control the VDPV outbreaks. We conducted a survey of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies among Malagasy children to assess performance of vaccination campaigns and estimate the risk of future VDPV outbreaks.Methods:This was a random community survey in children aged 6-11 months, 36-59 months and 5-14 years of age in high risk areas of Madagascar (Mahajanga, Toliara, Antsalova, and Midongy-atsimo); and in a reference area (Antananarivo). After obtaining informed consent, basic demographic and vaccination history, 2 mL of peripheral blood were collected. Neutralizing antibodies against all three poliovirus serotypes were detected by using a standard microneutralization assay.Results:There were 1500 children enrolled and 1496 (>99%) provided sufficient quantity of blood for analysis. Seroprevalence for poliovirus type 1 (PV1) was >90% in all age groups and study areas. PV2 seroprevalence ranged between 75-100%; it was lowest in the youngest age group in Midongy and Toliara. PV3 seroprevalence ranged between 79-100%. Seroprevalence in the reference area was not significantly different from polio high risk sites.Discussion:Madagascar achieved high population immunity. In order to preserve these gains, routine immunization needs to be strengthened. Currently, the risk of new VDPV emergences in Madagascar appears low. %G English %2 https://riip.hal.science/pasteur-01798218/document %2 https://riip.hal.science/pasteur-01798218/file/Richter_Helyon_Mar2018.pdf %L pasteur-01798218 %U https://riip.hal.science/pasteur-01798218 %~ RIIP %~ SANTE_PUB_INSERM %~ RIIP_MADAGASCAR